2024 Projects Day

Impact Analysis of Using Design-Build and Progressive Design-Build by Local Agencies of California in Small Transportation Projects
Students: Ronald Shrestha
Advisors/Mentors:  Dr. Maria Calahorra-Jimenez
Sponsors: Lyles College of Engineering
Project Summary: Design-Build (DB) and Progressive Design-Build (PDB) methods have been successfully administered and executed by the state Department of Transportation (DOTs) for large-scale transportation projects. However, there is a gap in understanding the impact of using DB and PDB by local agencies for small-scale transportation projects. No studies have been conducted to explore the positive or negative impacts and challenges associated with implementing these methods in this context. To address this gap, this study aims to identify local agencies in California that are using or used DB and PDB in small transportation projects. The objective is to uncover the advantages, disadvantages, barriers, and opportunities associated with implementing these methods. The research will follow a three-step approach including, first, a structured literature and state-of-the-art review. Second, a survey of California local agencies with competence to design and build transportation projects. Finally, a set of follow-up interviews with relevant stakeholders. We seek to provide deep insight into the implementation of DB and PDB in local agencies in California.

View Poster

Inspection Technologies for Construction and Maintenance of Highway Infrastructure – Review and Analysis 
Students: Prem Raj Timilsena 
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Manideep Tummalapudi 
Project Summary: One of the primary objectives of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and state departments of transportation (DOTs) is to provide high-quality infrastructure that meets or exceeds the desired quality standards. Efficient inspection practices play an important role in achieving this objective as they ensure conformance with plans, specifications, and quality standards. In this digital age, state DOTs are relying on emerging technologies to improve inspection practices. However, there is limited knowledge available regarding various emerging technologies used for highway infrastructure construction and maintenance inspection. The goal of this study is to identify various emerging technologies that are implemented at the state DOTs and their uses/applications for various inspection purposes. The emerging technologies studied in this project include Remote Sensing and Monitoring Technologies - Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), Building Information Modelling (BIM), and Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality (AR/VR). Based on a comprehensive literature review and content analysis of journal articles, technical reports, state DOT documents/reports, templates, and guidelines on the identified technologies, the research findings indicate different usage levels among state DOTs and use them for applications such as: structural inspection, verifying quantities, bridge and visual inspection, safety inspection, inspection workforce training, inspection documentation, measurements of pay quantities, among others. This study serves as a valuable resource for state DOTs seeking to maximize the benefits of their investments and embrace innovative inspection technologies.

View Poster

Leveraging Emerging Technologies in Construction: Opportunities and Challenges
Students: Siddhartha Erelli
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Manideep Tummalapudi
Project Summary: The research investigates the integration of AI/Robotics, AR/VR, and BIM technologies within the U.S. construction industry, analyzing the influence of company type, size, and geographic location on adoption rates, implementation challenges, and potential solutions. Through an extensive literature review and a survey targeting industry professionals familiar with these technologies, the research evaluates their current usage, benefits, and barriers to widespread acceptance. It explores the specific advantages and challenges of these technologies, identifying key implementation issues and offering strategies to address them. The findings highlight the critical role of effective technology implementation in closing the productivity gaps in the construction sector, indicating how such advancements could shape the industries future and contribute to global economic growth. This research provides a practical guide for adopting emerging technologies in the construction industry, enabling greater integration, innovation, and impact.

View Poster

National Park Visitor Center and Administration Building
Students: Kaitlin Fielder, Agustin Hernandez Espinoza, Tyler Krueger, Samuel Alvarado, Jason Ramirez, Karndeep Minhas, Justin Hall, Eli Zepeda, Daniel Escobar, Jonathan Peredia, and Miralena Queirolo Patino
Advisors/Mentors: Lloyd Crask, Molly Smith
Project Summary: As construction management and architecture students, we have been tasked with designing and developing a National Park Visitor Center and Administration Building in the Sierra Nevadas. As graduating seniors, we have been assigned various roles within a design-build construction firm, PB&J Construction. Throughout the last year, we have role-played our multiple roles to develop a conceptual design, project estimate, and project schedule. The National Park Visitor Center and Administration Building is set to be located in the Southern Sierra Nevada Mountains with an estimated square footage of 17,000 feet. The Park Visitor Center will be a focal point for educational and recreational use. PB&J Construction has aimed to create an inviting and spacious design while making this building a pinnacle of environmental responsibility within the state. To reach LEED certification, the design incorporates LEED-accredited mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems and eco-friendly materials. Stakeholder engagement is critical. We will conduct biweekly OAC (Owner Architect Contractor) meetings to meet the stakeholders' expectations. By implementing a robust quality control process, the project team can ensure that the construction project meets or exceeds the required quality standards, resulting in a safe, durable, high-quality end product. PB&J has selected building systems that will reduce the building's carbon footprint and allow for an organic look to complement the mountain's landscape. Our design will merge the two requested buildings to reduce the cost and construction duration. The Administration section of our design will incorporate offices and necessities to allow staff to complete their day-to-day activities. The Visitor Park Center will utilize a high ceiling for a spacious and open exhibit area for visitors to enjoy. Our design includes a gift shop to offer visitors a memorable keepsake from their experience, A scenic overlook to allow visitors to soak in the breathtaking beauty of the Southern Sierra Nevada Mountains, and an outdoor playground and picnic area for visitors to enjoy!

View Poster

National Park Visitor Center & Administration Building
Students: Brian Chavez, Marco Cortez, Jordan Gomez, Leif Hanson, Leonidis Hernandez, Zulema Hernandez, Tomas Mata, Viviana Pantoja, Roberto Rivera, Adaniel Verde, Justin Wiley
Advisors/Mentors: Lloyd Crask, Molly Smith
Project Summary: As senior Construction Management (CM) and Architectural Studies (AS) students, we have collaborated to bring to life our proposal for a National Park Visitor’s Center, Administration, and Maintenance buildings as a design-build company named ESSNTL Co. While working on our proposal, we have brought together our collective knowledge to incorporate schematic designs, sustainability, safety, logistics, and more importantly an undeniable immersive experience. We aim to create a world-class, sustainable landmark that showcases the best modern design and environmental stewardship. The project is located near Ponderosa, California and we will use a collaborative design approach that integrates the latest technology, materials, and construction techniques to blend harmoniously with the natural environment. Our team aims to create an end product that will connect with all stakeholders and ensure that it surpasses their needs and expectations. One of the critical features of our design is our emphasis on sustainability. We will use innovative systems such as a Rainwater Harvesting System, a solar electrical system and battery, a Ground Source Heat Pump System, a Greywater Treatment Package Plant, and a Kalwall Translucent System. With these systems, we will minimize environmental impact and maximize energy efficiency. Our design will prioritize natural light, ventilation, and thermal insulation to create a comfortable environment for park visitors and staff. In addition, we will prioritize lean construction principles, agile methodologies, and technology integration for streamlined project management. Our team will use continuous quality control measures to ensure the project meets the highest quality and safety standards. By fostering community involvement and employing innovative solutions, we aim to create a modern, eco-friendly landmark that creates synchronicity with the end user and the environment. Our team is committed to delivering a project that exceeds expectations and sets a new standard for sustainable design in National Parks.

View Poster

The Present Potential and Future Impact of ChatGPT in Construction Projects
Students: Mallikarjuna Paramesha 
Advisors/Mentors: Manideep Tummalapudi
Project Summary: This research explores the role and impact of ChatGPT in the construction industry. The research starts with an in-depth literature review to understand how ChatGPT is currently used in the sector. This involves looking at academic articles and journals to identify the applications, challenges, and opportunities of ChatGPT in construction. Following the literature review, the study conducts semi-structured interviews with construction professionals who have experience using ChatGPT in their projects. These discussions aim to collect real-world examples and expert insights into how ChatGPT can improve construction efficiency. The objective of this research is to examine how ChatGPT can enhance the efficiency of construction projects. The final output will be a detailed report offering valuable recommendations on improving project outcomes using ChatGPT. This study provides an understanding of ChatGPT's current and future contributions to the construction industry, detailing its advantages and proposing strategies for its effective integration into construction practices.

 

Project-level Strategies to Plan for BIM and Lean Combined Implementation:  Deductions from Literature Review
Students: Prem Raj Timilsena, Karthik Kondabolu
Advisors/Mentors:  Dr. Sagata Bhawani
Project Summary: Building Information Modeling is a process comprising the development, use, and exchange of information with a digital model of a building or an infrastructure to improve the planning, design, construction, and operations of a single project or portfolio of projects. A digital model can serve many BIM uses throughout the project’s lifecycle, depending on the project owner's and sponsor's goals and priorities. Because every project is unique and dynamic, we need a project-specific plan for implementing selected BIM uses and maintaining alignment across all phases. On the other hand, Lean represents a culture of respect for people and continuous improvement. While applying Lean is a philosophy-based approach, many methods, such as Big Room Planning, Gemba Walk, Set-based Design, Visual Management, and Work Clusters, serve as a mechanism for instilling the affiliating Lean principles into the project’s delivery process. When considering the use of Lean methods on a construction project, alongside significant benefits to partnering with Lean organizations, there is still a need to align the project team with a shared vision and strategy by developing a project-level Lean implementation plan. While many studies corroborate the compounded benefits of BIM and Lean implementations, the review of existing literature revealed that different industry guides provide a systematic approach to planning for BIM execution and Lean implementation, but as separate processes and none present a systematic combined approach to leverage the compounded benefits in design and construction at a project level. In the pursuit of addressing this gap, this study focused on identifying, reviewing, and consolidating information from key pieces of literature representing industry and academia, the steps and strategies to plan the combined implementation of BIM and Lean on a project level. This paper presents such steps and strategies along with associated barriers and benefits.

View Poster

Role of Software Vendors in Technology Adoption in AEC Industry: Conducting Validation Interviews.
Students: Karthik Kondabolu
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Sagata Bhawani
Project Summary: The Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry is currently experiencing a period of significant change, primarily due to the emergence of innovative technologies such as Building Information Management (BIM), Digital Twins, Cloud collaboration, and Artificial Intelligence (AI). However, adopting these technologies is challenging, with many AEC professionals lacking education and support from software vendors. In a previously submitted publication to the i3CE 2024
conference, I explored the literature for This research project focused on exploring software vendors' role in facilitating technology adoption within the AEC industry. For this scope of work, as part of the LCOE stipend, I will conduct validation interviews with selected software vendors to compare my results from the literature review. Specifically, the project will evaluate the effectiveness of software vendor training programs for AEC professionals' software vendors' approaches to supporting the adoption of new technologies.

View Poster

The Role of Stereotypes in the Hiring Process of International Students in California’s Construction Industry.
Students: Saiprudhvi Donthula
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Wei Wu, Dr. Vivien Luo
Project Summary: Amidst globalization, international students emerge as a valuable yet underutilized asset in the US construction industry, contributing distinctive skills and perspectives. However, they face challenges adapting to new social and cultural environments in a competitive workplace. Through surveys and semi-structured interviews with recruiters from construction companies connected to the Department of Construction Management at California State University Fresno, this research aims to understand how descriptive and prescriptive stereotypes influence recruitment practices. By examining the perceptions of employers towards international students compared to local counterparts, the research will uncover the nuanced factors driving hiring decisions. The findings are expected to highlight the impact of stereotypes on the employment prospects of international students and propose collaborative strategies between academia and industry to foster equitable and inclusive hiring practices. Ultimately, this research seeks to enhance the employability of international students and diversify the construction workforce, contributing to a more global and inclusive industry.

View Poster

Sierra National Park Headquarters/Visitor Center
Students: Emmanuel Verde, Elias Lopez, Paul Quiroz , Luis Castaneda, Max Rheault , Austin Marroquin, PJ Causing, Meredith Baker, Enrique Covarrubias, Money Singh, Luis Cortez, Robyn McMahan
Advisors/Mentors: Lloyd Crask,  Molly Smith
Project Summary: Our Senior Capstone Class Project, National Parks Visitor Center and Administration Facilities in the Sierra National Park is the culmination of an immersive senior experience course wherein a team of senior Construction Management (CM) and Architectural Studies (AS) students engage in role-playing and collaborate on a design-build proposal. The proposal encompasses preliminary schematic designs, sustainability initiatives, safety and logistics considerations, team-building strategies, and LEED rating adherence.
Project Overview: Our team Voyager Inc. is responding to a request for proposal (RFP) for the United States Department of Interior. This is a Design-Build submission for the National Parks Visitor Center and Administration Facilities, Sierra National Monument. This project aims to enhance the visitor experience, provide educational opportunities, and allow easier maintenance and operations for the Sierra National Park.
Project Design: Voyager Inc. integrates sustainability and accessibility with Sierra National Monument's natural beauty. Taking inspiration from Modern Parkitecture, we incorporated various elements such as exposed wood, stone, large windows to maximize natural light and views, and eco-friendly construction techniques. Utilizing local materials, our design minimizes waste while blending seamlessly into the landscape. The Visitor Center features immersive exhibits, while the Administration Headquarters prioritizes efficiency. Our Maintenance and Operations Building ensures responsible stewardship. From infrastructure to pathways, every detail enhances the visitor experience while preserving the park's ecological integrity.

View Poster

Sierra National Park Visitor Center and Park Headquarters Proposal
Students: Matthew Forney, Moises Pedraza, Marina Renteria, Juan Villasenor, August Cameron, Aaron Delgermurun, Alexander Shelly, Ivan Garcia-Lua, Kenny Martinez, Carlos Villalpando, Kenny Martinez
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Yupeng Luo, Professor Loren Aiton
Project Summary: Our student team, Diamond Blade Construction, comprised of Construction Management (CM) and Architectural Studies (AS) presents our response to the Sierra National Park Visitor Center and Park Headquarters Proposal in response to the Department of the Interior’s Request for Proposal. Throughout the Capstone Series, AS students have been working through the schematic, design development, and construction documents phase of the Design-Build Process. Their focus has been on creating innovative solutions to meet the rigorous demands of sustainability, aesthetic, and functionality outlined in the design program. Customary to the Design-Build project delivery method, CM students completed ongoing conceptual estimates and conducted detailed analysis on the design to cost relationship, shaping the final design. The proposal presents these final costs, and expands on the sustainability, safety, team organization, and scheduling that reflect the students’ solutions to the remote site, constrained timeframe, and limited budget. 

View Poster

Sierra Parks HQ & Visitor Hub: Gateway to Adventure
Students: Matt Medellin, Carlos Rodriguez, Rogelio Garcia, Leonardo Meza, Javier Ramirez, Ramon Enrique Felix Hernandez, Kyler Collins, Cynthia Santiago-Vizcarra, Alejandro Madrigal, Rey Lopez, Juan Aguirre
Advisors/Mentors: Loren Aiton, Dr. Yupeng (Vivien) Luo
Project Summary: Side channel analysis aims to gather leaked information from the processor. The attacker can then use the leaked information to steal sensitive or private information that the processor contains. The Inertial Hardware Security Module (IHSM) prevents physical access to the processor by rotating a printed circuit board (PCB) mesh at a high speed around the processor. This approach provides a way to build a security defense with relatively affordable parts while increasing the security level. Although this idea is innovative, there are multiple vulnerabilities such as the shaft that penetrates the mesh and an attacker attaching themselves to the system to rotate at the same speed (known as the swivel chair attack). This paper proposes an idea to improve the IHSM by using Visible Light Communication (VLC). The advantage of VLC is the visible light signals are less susceptible to interference and hijacking and ability to cover a larger space simultaneously. The VLC will act as the cage of light where there will be multiple emitters and receivers and the light will rotate giving the illusion of continuous rotation. The idea also proposes multiple enclosures within an enclosure to allow for lower speeds and different rotations directions. The use of VLC along with the rotation of the enclosure ensures sufficient complexity to prevent physical tampering with the microcontroller.

 

Use of ChatGPT for Improving Construction Management Students’ Professional Communication Skills
Students: Avantika Dixit
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Wei Wu,  Dr. Vivien (Yupeng) Luo
Project Summary: This research examines how ChatGPT contributes to the development of essential technical writing skills and explores the broader implications of using ChatGPT, including the benefits, challenges, and ethical considerations associated with its integration into technical writing instruction within construction management education. Student participants will first perform a technical writing task independently and then generate a second attempt with the help of ChatGPT. Vignettes of their attempts will be gathered and evaluated by a panel of professional communication subject matter experts consisting of professors and industry professionals. The outcome of this study will help advance the understanding of the possible use of ChatGPT in higher education settings and set stepping stones to more in-depth research endeavors with the aim to develop evidence-based practices and guidelines for more intentional and meaningful educational use of ChatGPT. 

View Poster

Analysis of Artificial Neural Network Forecasting Capabilities with Water Demand Data
Students: Luay Al Aghbari
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Jorge Pesantez
Project Summary: Effective water resources management, including demand forecasting, is crucial for sustainable development. As part of machine learning methods, Artificial Neural Networks have proved to effectively forecast water demand. This project presents a forecasting model using a feed-forward neural network to predict one and multiple time steps of water demand using hourly measurements of the volumetric flow rate measured at the exit of a reservoir. The model includes multiple endogenous and exogenous predictors. We train the model using a data set from a collaborative water utility from Southern California with hourly measurements for the year 2022. Then, we test the model with water demand values in 2023. Results show that our forecasting model can effectively predict the next 24 (one day) and 168 hours (one week) of water demand. Results in terms of the Coefficient of Determination (R2) are around 0.7 to 0.9 depending on the testing period.

View Poster

Assessing the Authenticity of the Virtual Reality Model From a Structural Inspection Perspective
Students: Ziad Ibrahim
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Xiangxiong Kong
Sponsor: Lyles College of Engineering
Project Summary: Civil structures require constant inspections to maintain their safety and integrity. One of the traditional methods of inspection is to perform an investigation at the site. Recently, advanced techniques such as Virtual Reality (VR) have shown the potential for civil structure inspections by creating a digital replica of the real-world structure. However, the success of VR-based inspections depends on the authenticity of the VR model, as low-fidelity VR models may not depict accurate texture information from real-world structures. The purpose of this project is to “calibrate” the authenticity of the VR model by comparing images from the VR model against the ground truth images taken from the structure. This poster shows the preliminary results from this research project including investigations in 3D photogrammetry-based VR modeling and image processing work via MATLAB Computer Vision Toolbox.

View Poster

Improving Water Distribution Systems Management: A Clustering Approach
Students: Byron Alessandro Toledo Salazar
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Jorge Pesantez
Project Summary: Current water distribution systems (WDSs) work under complex settings that include several hydraulic devices and infrastructure. Population growth and extensive networks have created the necessity of developing research modeling tools that recreate the characteristics of the WDSs. The modeling of partitioned water distribution systems could assist in a more focalized measurement of hydraulic conditions that can define network changes. This project develops a clustering method that partitions the WDSs into similar subgroups that contain related nodes and strategical areas presenting similar characteristics and direct interconnections. In addition, this study aims to develop a sensitive analysis using an adaptation of K-means and a metaheuristic optimization algorithm to define the changes with different parameters of interest, separate networks, and variations in the number of clusters. The results will be able to model a clustered system with an optimal number of subgroups that present the minimum value of variation from one to another.

View Poster

Practical Geospatial Applications for 3D Gaussian Splatting
Students: Michael Fink 
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Yushin Ahn 
Project Summary: This research will investigate whether a new digital reconstruction technique known as 3DGS can solve geospatial problems. 3DGS, properly known as 3D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Rendering, combines elements of traditional structure-from-motion photogrammetry with elements of another technique known as Neural Radiance Field (NeRF) to recreate objects and spaces with greater fidelity and processing speed than traditional photogrammetry techniques. Because Gaussian Splatting was introduced eight months ago, there is very little information about applying this technique to geospatial efforts. This presents a unique opportunity to study the practical geospatial applications of this new method, particularly in surveying. Specifically, this research will examine the spatial continuity and integrity of recreated objects and spaces compared with traditional photogrammetric reconstruction techniques and methods for processing and incorporating these objects and spaces into existing photogrammetric workflows.

View Poster

Rehabilitation of Water Distribution Systems Based on a Clustering Approach
Students: Phoebe Bloomfield
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Jorge Pesantez
Sponsors: California Institute for Water Resources
Project Summary: Water distribution systems are among the most critical infrastructure in a city's planning. As urban infrastructure ages, systems need repairs and replacements to prevent major disruptions. This project aims to develop an optimal rehabilitation strategy for water distribution systems. The model evaluates the hydraulic effects of replacing pipes while minimizing the number of consumption points that may be affected negatively by the replacement. Also, the model minimizes the strategy cost of implementation by comparing each alternative. Pipe selection uses a clustered-based approach to identify the system's main pipes. The rehabilitation strategy is tested on a synthetic water network. Results show that the systematic rehabilitation plan improves the hydraulic behavior of the water network regarding the number of consumption points reporting low pressure. Also, the extensive search used for the optimal cost converges after evaluating multiple simulation scenarios. Developing tailored strategies for pipe rehabilitation will decrease the likelihood of service disruptions.

 

Unlocking Water Demand Patterns and Outdoor Consumption Insights for Targeted Conservation Strategies
Students: Angela Maldonado Alfaro
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Jorge Pesantez
Sponsor: Lyles College of Engineering Startup Package 
Project Summary: This research applies a data-driven analysis to explore water demand patterns and identify high outdoor consumers based on monthly water demand measurements. The proposed method relies on a correlation analysis and linear regression model. The average monthly demand is correlated with various household characteristics such as building area, age, and total area. The linear regression model analyzes how monthly demand varies with highly correlated predictor variables. Further analysis is conducted to identify high consumers using a threshold of five times higher than the average demand of all households. Results show building area and age were the most prevalent predictors. Multiple high consumers were identified with the threshold. Finally, demand peaks in the summer months, of which outdoor water consumption can contribute up to 25% of total demand. The proposed method can assist water utilities in implementing focused conservation strategies and efficient system management based on household characteristics in their district.

View Poster

Viability of Fiber Reinforced Concrete for 3D Printing Application.
Students: Sauget Paudel
Advirsors/Mentors: Dr. Ching Chiaw Choo
Project Summary: The utilization of automated machines, including printing machines remains minimal in the construction industry. Although numerous research and tests have been conducted on 3D printable concrete, the results have shown that it falls short in mechanical properties when compared to traditional cast-molded concrete. The inability to use steel rebar as reinforcements and early age cracking due to water-binder ratio issues could be the contributing factors. While there are various parameters influencing the effectiveness of printable concrete mixtures, the incorporation of fibers is predicted to be the most promising solution in addressing these issues. This research will focus on demonstrating the viability of fibrous materials in improving 3D printable concrete and aims to identify the optimal type, size, and proportion suitable for pumping while also enhancing the mechanical properties of the concrete.

View Poster

Affordable Prosthetic Arm 
Students: Sydney Rivera, Visotheara Var, Jason Yang
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. The Nguyen, Dr. Hovannes Kulhandjian
Sponsors: RISE/LSAMP
Project Summary: This research project aims to develop an open-source myoelectric prosthetic arm for trans-radial amputees below the elbow, addressing affordability and mobility challenges. The primary approach involves utilizing Electromyography sensors (EMG), with a focus on both existing commercial sensors and the potential development of a custom EMG sensor designed for prosthetic arm needs. Additionally, the research explores integrating computer vision techniques to enhance the prosthetic arm's functionality. Surface electromyography (sEMG) sensors, measuring voltage differences during muscle activity, form the core of our prosthetic control mechanism. We delve into both the utilization of current market-available sEMG sensors and the development of a bespoke sensor. The sEMG circuit, incorporating operational amplifiers (op amps) for noise filtration and signal interpretation, sends muscle signals to a Raspberry Pi 4B microcontroller using a coded algorithm for precise prosthetic arm control. The research encompasses deciphering muscle signals as input data for the microcontroller and integrating computer vision concepts for enhanced prosthetic functionality. The Raspberry Pi 4B, serving as the central computing unit, interfaces with EMG sensors and executes Python commands to facilitate signal processing, gesture recognition, and potential computer vision applications. EMG patterns are classified through Python scripts, activating motor actuators in real-time and providing feedback for adjusting motor control parameters, ensuring accurate movement execution comparable to a real arm.

 

Analysis of Space Vector PWM Control of Three Phase Three Level Inverter
Students: Bijay Niraula
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Woonki Na
Project Summary: Recently a new breed of hybrid and multi-level converters have been extensively researched and are growing popular in converter domains. Use of three level topology enables applications in low switching frequency or low fundamental frequencies. As such, this study is geared towards investigating three phase three level inverters with emphasis on space vector pulse width modulation control. The goal of this study is to investigate different multilevel inverter topologies and implement a three phase inverter using 3 level topologies by employing space vector pulse width modulation technique. The simulations are conducted using Matlab/Simulink and further validation is planned using hardware-in-loop simulation.

View Poster

Autonomous Weed Detection and Elimination System for the Smart Agriculture Robot bullDOG (SARDOG)
Students: Blake Bennett, Devin Rocha
Advisors/Mentors: Hovannes Kulhandjian
Project Summary: We have designed a weed detection and elimination system for the Smart Agriculture Robot bullDOG (SARDOG). SARDOG was designed to provide small farms with a multitude of services. This project includes running images captured by a camera through the YOLOv8 learning model to determine the presence of weeds with adequate confidence in a field setting. Upon weed detection, a raspberry pi will then determine the coordinates of the weeds within the image. The coordinates are then converted to distances to be sent to a CoreXY belt system being driven by two stepper motors. The system uses a gantry to position an attached hose that will spray the target area with a weed-killer chemical. 

View Poster

Benchtop Programmable Spin Coater 
Students: Yasmeen Hammad, Shannon Woodside
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Gregory Kriehn, Dr. Zoulikha Mouffak
Project Summary: The objective of the Benchtop Programmable Spin Coater project is to design and develop a cost-effective, compact, and customizable spin coater with decent improved efficiency. We will also add a touch screen to improve user control and a custom-built electronic speed controller that will be programmable to increase rotational speed control. Spin coating is the process of evenly applying a thin coating of polymer onto a flat substrate. A spinning plate, or stage, is used to hold the substrate in place while the coating material is placed in the center. The coating is spread uniformly throughout the surface by applying centripetal movement and acceleration forces.

View Poster

Design and Implementation of a Smart Agricultural Robot bullDOG (SARDOG)
Students: Nicholas Amely
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Hovannes Kulhandjian
Sponsors: Fresno-Merced Future of Food Innovation (F3)
Project Summary: Agricultural systems face unprecedented challenges, including food supply shortages, diminishing water resources, escalating input costs, and a decreasing agricultural workforce. The recent surge in Agricultural Technology (AgTech) offers a promising solution, enhancing farm productivity and automating monotonous and hazardous tasks. This project is called SARDOG, a smart agricultural robot built upon the Farm-ng Amiga robot framework. Leveraging advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), LiDAR, Internet-of-Things (IoT) sensors, and a robotic arm, SARDOG autonomously performs various intelligent farming tasks. Capabilities include GPS-less navigation using LiDAR, fruit picking with the robotic arm, and soil property testing through a robotic actuator sensor framework. SARDOG can accompany farmers in the field, transporting produce and addressing numerous applications to streamline major farming processes. The primary objectives of SARDOG encompass enhancing efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and humane practices in existing farming processes, while also exploring novel farming applications.

View Poster

Dual Inertial Hardware Safety Module (DIHSM)
Students: Herwin Sihota, Aryan Singh, Omer Al Sumeri
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Hayssam El-Razouk
Project Summary: Hardware Security Modules (HSM), are rugged hardware devices designed to resist tampering while carrying out the crucial task of generating and safeguarding encryption keys for sensitive ndata. HSMs are crucial since they are used in ATMs, where highly sensitive and encrypted data is at stake. The Inertial Hardware Security Module (IHSM) enhances processor protection by utilizing a moving rotating component, adding complexity to the module's defenses. However, the IHSM still faces vulnerabilities, particularly in susceptibility to the Swivel Chair Attack that may lead to mounting Side Channel Analysis attacks. To address these issues, we introduce the DIHSM (Dual Inertial Hardware Security Module). The DIHSM eliminates the Swivel Chair Attack by implementing opposite rotations in two cage sets. Additionally, the DIHSM boosts security with a VLC system and accelerometers on each cage, fortifying our defense mechanism. This system not only enhances security but also provides a cost-effective solution while safeguarding payload security.

View Poster

Electronic Chess Board
Students: Alan Mata, Marco Rojas
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Nan Wang
Project Summary: Our project is an electronic chess board that will help newer players visualize the possible moves they are able to make. Whenever a piece is lifted up from the board, there will be LEDs that will illuminate the possible positions it is able to go and the pieces it can capture. Each player will also have a LCD display on each side of the board in order to change the settings of the game before it starts. Using the display and its buttons, players will be able to promote pawns into a queen, rook, bishop, or knight. The heart of the project is the Arduino Mega microcontroller which allows us to program the functions of the game and its accessories. 

View Poster

Emergency Vehicle Temperature Detector
Students: Nicolas Thao, Rayan Nekkab, Manuel Silva
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Hayssam El-Razouk , Dr. Woonki Na , Dr. Shuo Wu
Project Summary: With cars becoming more automated there should be a feature to detect children and pets left behind in the car when locked and engine off. Using a thermo-camera for detection, GPS module for idle check, and developed code to send the user a message this can be implemented in a portable kit. Solar panels will be applied to supply the system with power while the sun is out as our system is designed to help detect high temperatures over low temperatures and alert the user of a child or pet left behind. This will require implementations of a series of converters to get the appropriate power output from the solar panel to our system to maintain proper functionality of our components. A Raspberry Pi microcontroller is the core of the system taking in information and sending messages to the owner of the car when necessary. 

View Poster

Enhancing Agricultural Productivity through Deep Learning Technologies by Detecting Crop Diseases and Pests
Students: Saachi Jaiswal
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Alaeddin Bani Milhim
Project Summary: This research project addresses the global challenge of increasing food demands by adopting an innovative and sustainable approach. This aims to revolutionize agriculture by detecting crop diseases and pests using deep learning technologies to enhance smart farming and precision agriculture. The methodology involves analyzing the latest Machine Learning (ML) technologies in agriculture, comparing current technologies, evaluating efficiency, and exploring innovative approaches. This helps understand their practical applications, advantages, and challenges in farming operations. The approach involves comparing current crop and pest detection technologies, identifying potential ML approaches, collecting data, developing models, and evaluating their effectiveness. These algorithms aim to make farming more precise, efficient, and data-driven, enhancing crop monitoring pest control, and early disease detection, which significantly boosts productivity and sustainability. Full implementation of ML technologies is expected to secure the global food supply environmentally, marking a significant advancement towards innovative and sustainable agricultural solutions.

 

Fault Tolerant Power Supply
Students: Moses Trujillo, Miguel Ledesma, Ziyuan Li 
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Woonki Na, Dr. Hayssam El-Razouk
Project Summary: This project focuses on designing a switch-mode power supply (SMPS) that improves the efficiency of switching power conversion and the system's reliability. By applying a resonant inductor-inductor-and-capacitor (LLC) converter topology design that allows for soft switching techniques such as zero voltage switching, this project will achieve SMPS with low switching power losses and improved electromagnetic interference (EMI). Another innovation explored in this project is the use of wide-bandgap semiconductors such as Silicon Carbide (SiC) and Gallium nitride (GaN) Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors, better known as MOSFETs. The emerging technology’s low switching losses allowed them to operate at a higher switching frequency. This technology not only leaves a smaller footprint but also reduces power losses. Reducing power losses is not enough today as reliability also becomes increasingly important. A fault-tolerant design will be developed, including a reparability method to increase its reliability.

View Poster

LuLi Smart Cultivation: A Socially-Connected IoT Hydroponics Solution
Students: Liam Goss, Luigi Santiago-Villa
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Gregory Kriehn, Roger Moore
Project Summary: This project addresses food deserts by developing an accessible, internet-connected hydroponics system, enabling urban households to grow nutritious food. Leveraging temperature, humidity, light intensity, and water pH sensors, alongside UV lighting and a microcontroller, the system facilitates real-time plant health monitoring. A unique feature is its community-driven web application, allowing users to exchange growing tips and presets, significantly lowering the entry barrier for novices. Designed with a focus on food desert challenges and community engagement, the project aims to make home-grown crops viable for everyone. Over nine months and with a $500 budget, this initiative will produce a functional prototype that demonstrates efficient crop cultivation, highlighting a technology-driven, socially inclusive approach to mitigate food insecurity in urban areas.

View Poster

Self-Balancing Wind Turbine
Students: Justin Hunziger, Eric Sam, Eric Cruz
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Hayssam El-Razouk, Dr. Shuo Wu, Dr. Woonki Na
Project Summary: Wind turbines are a very good source of green energy, and their presence in the ocean has been steadily increasing over the years. Our project looks to improve the efficiency of a type of oceanic wind turbine, the floating wind turbine, by reducing the amount of money needed to be spent on connecting the turbine to the sea floor. Additionally, eliminating this connection would also reduce impact on wildlife as well as speed up the deployment of future turbines in the ocean. Our project aims to create a system that would allow the turbine to stay upright in the presence of ocean weather conditions like wind and waves, emulating existing water-balancing systems.

View Poster

Semi-Automatic Plant Nursery 
Students: Robert Navarro, Myles Covert
Advisors/Mentors: Roger Moore
Project Summary: This project utilizes principles of electrical and computer engineering to create a semi-automatic planting nursery. The system computer manages several sensors, motors, and lights to keep the environment of the plant in perfect condition for optimal growth. The main goal of this project is to remove user labor as much as possible. After an initial setup, the plant nursery will be able to take care of itself and provide the user with information about its current condition. The system utilizes a large water tank that reuses and recycles water for the plants. The water is monitored using pH, temperature, and nutrient sensors to keep it within an optimal range of the selected plant.

View Poster

Solar-Powered, Smart-Enclosed (SPSE) Garden
Students: Vicente Evangelista, David Villegas, and Bordin Vang
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Hayssam El-Razouk, Dr. Shuo Wu,. Dr. Woonki Na, Rob Mavis
Project Summary: The Solar-Powered, Smart-Enclosed (SPSE) Garden is a smart enclosed terrarium that enables crop growth in a controlled environment regardless of seasonal or yard space limitations. It's designed to replicate ideal growing conditions by integrating solar power, ventilation, lighting, irrigation, and monitoring sensors. The terrarium allows users to cultivate their preferred fruits and vegetables indoors. Its purpose is to provide a compact yet efficient way for people without outdoor space to grow healthy crops in a controlled, user-friendly environment. The system’s control panel allows users to monitor and adjust conditions for optimal plant growth. The microcontroller has been developed to regulate the environmental conditions with light, temperature/humidity, moisture, CO2, and water-level sensors. The remaining systems are used to make the garden self-sufficient and environmentally friendly. Overall, this innovative design aims to foster healthier plant growth and higher yields compared to traditional indoor gardens, catering to both gardening novices and enthusiasts.

View Poster

SRAM-Based PUF Temperature Sensor
Students: Eric Rivera, Youssef Ibrahim
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Hayssam El-Razouk
Sponsors: Edison International Grant
Project Summary: This research aims to enhance an SRAM-based Physically Unclonable Function (PUF) sensor system for temperature monitoring. Objectives include hardware optimization by replacing components for efficiency, improving temperature reading accuracy, developing a more efficient calibration method, and implementing security measures against physical attacks. Proposed enhancements involve removing the DE2-115 FPGA board, refining calibration techniques, and establishing unique correlations between SRAM modules and the Check Response Pattern (CRP) database for tamper detection. These efforts seek to make the system economically viable for integration into existing systems such as smart cars and other applications requiring reliable temperature monitoring.

View Poster

VR Sensor Glove
Students: Vincent Lee, David Inthavong, Callista Vongsa
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Hayssam El-Razouk, Dr. Hovannes Kulhandjian, Mr. Roger Moore
Project Summary: The Virtual Reality (VR) Motion Sensor Glove captures the full range of motion that the hand exhibits through the usage of multi-sensor technology and through imageless methods. The motion of the hand is then transposed into a virtual environment that can be accessed through the Meta Quest 2 headset, where in real-time, the user can visually see and control the full range of hand motion in a virtual environment where hand motion is usually limited by current VR technology. By utilizing wireless technology and allowing users to have full control over all fingers in VR space, this device provides an immersive and enhanced VR experience to users.

View Poster

Affordable Prosthetic Hand
Students: Chaeson Sears II, Nicolas Macias
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. The Nguyen
Sponsors: Fresno State LSAMP, Fresno State RISE
Project Summary: According to the Department of Veteran Affairs in 2010, a prosthetic arm for transradial amputees cost around $20,000 without health insurance. This is a pressing issue as the medical device company, Hanger Clinic: Prosthetics & Orthotics, predicts that by the year 2050, 3.6 million people are expected to have experienced limb loss. This will lead to a significant increase in the demand for prosthetics, which can be very expensive. The objective of this research is to develop an open-source prosthetic arm utilizing 3D printing technology. This approach aims to create a cost-effective prosthetic to assist individuals with limb loss both financially and functionally. Our focus is to achieve maximum functionality in this design by adding multiple degrees of freedom, enhanced by an easy-to-assemble actuation system. To achieve this we are using CAD design software such as SolidWorks in order to model the fingers, palm and wrist functionality before printing a physical copy. Currently, we are experimenting with different hardware such as stepper motors, servo motors and linear actuators, by incorporating them into our CAD designs. This allows us to determine which configuration of hardware will be optimal for our intended requirements. Overall, the ultimate goal of this research is to produce a product that is affordable and simple for users to assemble, ensuring that anyone facing limb loss can regain mobility, regardless of financial constraints.

 

AI-Based Remote Monitoring of Water Treatment
Students: Alberto J. Puga, Jordan Ovando, Jose Rodriguez, Marylu Melendrez
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Sankha Banerjee 
Project Summary: The project is to see the movement of a robotic arm to eventually grab water samples for testing, analysis, and monitoring of a water treatment system. Through the use of Python and cameras the robotic arm will be coded to grab samples. The first contaminant to detect is dyes with the use of an IR thermal sensor. The motivation for the project is to have the robot become a mobile unit for monitoring the performance of a water treatment system with minimal to no human interaction.

View Poster

Benchtop Non-Invasive Glucose Monitoring System Using Si Photodiode
Students: Anthony McDonald, Armando Correa, Spencer Norvell
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Sankha Banerjee
Project Summary: Systems that puncture the skin are still standard techniques for home monitoring glucose concentrations through electrochemical, colorimetric, or optical disposable strips for finger-prick blood samples [2]. A non-invasive technology can greatly improve quality of life. This technology can also be beneficial for many different agricultural industries. The current standard for glucose measurement in the dairy industry is to use invasive techniques [3]. In recent years, researchers have developed wearable biosensors that enable non-invasive, non-destructive, real-time, in-situ, and in-vivo identification of early stress response in plants [4]. This technology enables timely, economic solutions for commercial farming. Near-infrared spectroscopy has been considered as one of the most effective methods for noninvasive glucose sensing. The aim of this project is to develop a benchtop device that will help determine if the feedback from a Silicon (Si) photodiode creates a reliable correlation suitable for future product development.

 

Biomass Burner
Students: Clark Mueller, Gabriel Carrillo, Miguel Curiel, Antonio Marin 
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Eldeeb, Dr. Nguyen 
Sponsors: Walter Mizuno 
Project Summary: Our project focuses on making a mobile pyrolysis system, a thermal decomposition process crucial to biochar creation. Pyrolysis is the thermal process involving organic material subjected to elevated temperatures in the absence of oxygen. This project harnesses the potential of this process to produce biochar, a carbon-rich material with an abundant amount of environmental applications. Through this controlled thermal decomposition, the organic material undergoes a transformation, resulting in biochar, bio oil, and syngas. We optimized the pyrolysis process in order to obtain a high-quality biochar. Biochar can be used as a carbon sequestration method as well as a soil additive that can help with plant growth and nutrient retainment. Our comprehensive study highlights the applications of biochar, demonstrating the potential as a versatile solution for both carbon management and agricultural sustainability. Through this research we aim to contribute to a more sustainable future by harnessing the power of the pyrolysis and using this in a mobile manner. We also created a SolidWorks model of a pyrolysis system that is intended to be transported via trailer. 

View Poster

Electro-active Composite Filament to be Used in 3D Printing
Students: Jelizaveta Chern 
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Sankha Banerjee 
Sponsors: NASA - via UC San Diego 
Project Summary: 3D printing, specifically the technique of fused deposition modeling, is an accessible and highly versatile method of creating components. It has vast implications for a wide variety of industries due to its versatility and ability to create complex customizable shapes out of many materials. This research project explores the process of creating and characterizing an electro-active composite filament consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), barium titanate (BaTiO3), and MXene, for use in conventional 3D printers. The filament’s material properties, especially the dispersion of the component materials, are investigated using scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the effectiveness of the filament production method. Finally, a wafer printed using the created filament is characterized to evaluate its electro-active behavior and surface properties.

 

Electron Interaction with Carbon Fiber Composite
Students: Sophie Lewis
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Sankha Banerjee
Project Summary: This project will be conducted to analyze the effect that electron bombardment has on carbon-fiber composite material. CFC has important applications in the aerospace industry due to its high strength and thermal resistance. In the case of hypersonic, high-temperature flow as is common during atmospheric reentry, the air around the vehicle may begin to ionize. The interaction of free electrons produced by the ionization reaction with the surface of the material is important to note as it can cause ablation (surface stripping), electron penetration far into the surface, and/or a high concentration of electrons trapped inside the material. It is possible for the ablation effects on the composite to be studied using a scanning electron microscope at different electron voltages to observe any material defects, as ablation can increase surface roughness and remove pieces/layers from the material. The interaction volume and energy of electrons entering the material can be simulated to observe what kind of effects that electron bombardment can have within the surface. The simulation of an electron gun hitting a sample of CFC can be conducted using CASINO software at different electron voltage values to visualize the electron interaction. 

 

Engineering and Testing of a Novel Composite for the Remediation of Hydrocarbons and Heavy Metals
Students: Jaden Luna
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Jorge Pesantez
Project Summary: Utilizing a moldable material can help with the remediating of sensitive aquatic environments. The purpose of this project is to develop a versatile, sustainable, low-cost, clay-based sorbent to extract oil and metallic pollution from natural environments. The clay-based sorbent was made from Calcium Bentonite, Metakaolin, Calcium Hydroxide, and Quartz-silica to meet these requirements. “Concretion Spheres” were tested for their conductive-material sorbability when exposed to wastewater that contained traces of conductive metal. Following experimentation, the Spheres showed no sign of statistical effect on the presence of conductive metal. This indicates that modifications to the recipe are necessary for the Spheres to remove metals from wastewater. Then, the Spheres were examined in their oil sorbability. Following the extended period of saturation, Concretion Spheres proved to successfully remove oil from their environment showing an average of 10% remotion. Following a rework of the recipe, these percentages are expected to increase in future experiments. 

View Poster

Enhancing UAV Capabilities for Soil Penetration: Investigating Downward Thrust Generation for Efficient Drilling
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Alaeddin Bani Milhim, Roger Moore
Project Summary: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are widely used for agriculture applications. UAVs offer a practical solution for gathering data from field-deployed sensors that require longer deployments. Another application involves utilizing UAVs to deploy sensors and plant seeds in remote or hard-to-access locations, where traditional methods may be difficult or costly. Such tasks often involve additional actuators resulting in greater complexity. An effective drilling requires pressure applied against the surface; however, UAVs are designed to generate thrust upward. The purpose of this research is to determine a method to generate thrust downward; thus, the UAV can be utilized as a drilling source. The project will study the conventional thrust mechanisms and propose potential approaches to inverse the thrust for drilling purposes. This project is the first phase to a multi-phase project aimed at developing a UAV equipped with autonomous capabilities for drilling, sensor deployment, and seed planting.

View Poster

Hybrid Wind and Solar Power System
Students: Drew Cornelison, Skylar McGee, Tanbir Singh, Anthony McDonald, Clark Mueller, Daniel Butler, Antonio Marin, Emmanuel Fernandez Robles
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Sankha Banerjee, Dr. Yuanyuan Xie
Sponsors: REpS
Project Summary: The purpose of this product is to integrate a household-scale solar system with a wind turbine to supplement power production for homes and small businesses in the Central Valley. Since solar only produces power during the daytime, adding a wind turbine has the potential to produce power during non-daylight hours. This is a complete system that should be able to power a building at all times. There is a battery storage system that will supply power in the event of a power outage. The components integrated in this system are a wind turbine, solar panel, hybrid wind and solar charge controller and display, battery, and hybrid inverter.

View Poster

Hydroelectric Energy System
Students: Isaiah John Daniel, Patrick Keffer Erwin, Sarai Galindo, Jose Sebastian Herrera-Jacobo, Isaiah Jimenez, Mahnoor Khan, Marylu Melendrez, Skylar Owen McGee, Jordan Fernando Ovando, Cesar Eduardo Patricio, Harut Piloyan, Alberto Javier Puga
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Yuanyuan Xie
Project Summary: This abstract provides an overview of the comprehensive design proposal for integrating an Archimedes turbine into the Hansen Dam hydroelectric project, aiming to optimize energy conversion efficiency and environmental sustainability. Through meticulous analysis and simulations using SolidWorks and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), the performance of the turbine under operational conditions was evaluated. The project estimates a potential power output exceeding 25 kW per turbine, with the possibility of reaching over 1.2 MW with multiple turbines. Considerations of cost-effectiveness, operational versatility, and ecological compatibility guided the selection of the Archimedes turbine. This study contributes to advancements in hydrodynamic engineering while addressing the urgent need for sustainable energy solutions, aligning with broader goals of renewable energy integration and climate change mitigation.

View Poster

Linear Membrane Welder
Students: Sarai Galindo, Mahnoor Khan, Darren Ferrer
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. The Nguyen, Mike Hawkins
Sponsors: Bay City Boiler
Project Summary: The purpose of this project is to provide Bay City Boiler (BCB) with an upgraded linear membrane welder to develop a more efficient and safer manner to manufacture boiler tubes.  An efficient process is necessary in manufacturing these tubes at BCB as an average of 1,000 tubes are manufactured yearly. These boiler tubes are created by welding two flat bars to both sides along the length of a tubing of around ten to twenty feet long. The main objective of this project includes providing BCB with an improved clamping mechanism designed to reduce the amount of preliminary actions needed before utilizing the machine to begin the welding process. Another objective includes improving the stability of the weld joint while providing four degrees of freedom to provide the optimal positioning of the weld guns. Refining this product can reduce the labor hours required per tube and provide BCB with the ability to manufacture more boiler tubes a year, resulting in a more profitable future.

View Poster

Machine Learning Applied to Component Failure
Students: Colton Cunningham
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Aaron Hoskins
Sponsors: Research stipend awarded through Dr. Dean Nunna originally funded through N.A.S.A.
Project Summary: Carbon fiber-based composites are strong, lightweight materials that are used in aircraft and automobiles. When carbon fiber composites fail, they break rapidly and catastrophically. Therefore, if aircraft using composites are not regularly maintenanced, lethal disaster could occur. Currently, there is no way to directly measure the remaining lifetime of a carbon fiber composite, so machine learning predictive algorithms are typically implemented to analyze data and find patterns that can be used to predict the remaining lifetime of a material. This experiment used machine learning to analyze mechanical waves translating through carbon fiber-based composites to predict when the material will break and when maintenance is required to prevent catastrophic disaster. 

 

Machine Learning Applied to Graduation Rates of Transfer Students at California State University, Fresno
Students: Colton Cunningham
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Aaron Hoskins
Sponsors: California State University, Fresno
Project Summary: Bachelor's degrees in engineering are typically intended to take four years to complete. However, the vast majority of students who transfer from a community college either take longer than four years to graduate or do not graduate at all. If factors that contribute to delayed graduation or not graduating at all can be identified, then the University system can intervene when the student transfers to a university and provide tailored resources that will remedy roadblocks students face. This research project focuses on studying key characteristics that prevent engineering transfer students from either graduating or graduating on time from California State University, Fresno. Additionally, this project intends to use an unsupervised learning methodology to analyze what features correspond to community college transfer students graduating later than two years after transfer.

View Poster

Marine Energy System
Students: Krisztofor Jon-Carlo Arreola, Jelizaveta Chern, Darren Ferrer, Manuel Hernandez, Jose Sandoval, Mahmoud Qaddoura, Ezequiel Trujillo
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. YuanYuan Xie
Project Summary: Marine energy refers to the renewable energy produced by oceanic resources such as waves, tides and currents. In California, our goal is to broaden the state's energy mix, reduce our reliance on fossil fuels and address the challenge of climate change. One innovative approach uses a buoy system alongside an undersea turbine to convert the kinetic motion into electricity. This is done by having the buoy system float on the surface of the ocean, capturing the kinetic motion of the waves as they rock the buoy from one side to another. The movement here generates electricity essentially through the motion of the buoy as it bobs up and down, driving the mechanics of an attached undersea turbine, which further enhances energy generation. The turbine is positioned beneath the buoy and captures the energy as ocean currents push through the system. By Combining both wave and tidal energy capture in a single design, this approach maximizes energy extraction from marine sources, offering a promising solution for sustainable power generation with minimal environmental impact.

View Poster

Mobile Arm Device
Students: Daniel Butler, Patrick Erwin, Cesar Patricio
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. The Nguyen
Sponsors: Working with Valley Children's Hospital Sponsored by Fresno State
Project Summary: This project presents a device for individuals with limited upper body strength who need assistance to perform daily activities when using their upper and lower arms. Fresno State students partnered with a team of rehabilitation specialists from Valley Children’s Hospital in order to gain feedback throughout the design process. Focused on improving mobility, the arm support design consists of adjustable spring hinges to oppose gravity for a wide range of arm weights while increasing the range of motion in a total of five degrees of freedom. Design concepts for final implementation were confirmed through rapid prototyping with 3D printing for original parts and modification of existing components. The device is fabricated with high-strength carbon fiber poles and ergonomically constructed to accommodate different mounting surfaces. This innovative mobile arm device holds potential for widespread use as an alternative product when compared to more expensive rehabilitation and healthcare devices.

View Poster

Patient Transfer 
Students: Manuel Hernandez, Nicholas Thomas, Vincent Yang
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. The Nguyen
Sponors: California State University Fresno 
Project Summary: With the technology available to hospitals today, a majority have helped patients, nurses, and other medical personnel facilitate patient care. Among these tools and equipment, patient transfer stands out as an indispensable aid in moving patients around the environment. Stretchers, Hoyer Lifts, and Bed-to-Bed Transfers methods are the products this project aims to improve. This project’s purpose is to help simplify and improve the standard procedure of a patient transfer from bed-to-bed, utilizing the patient roll-over method, minimum of 3 nurses, and to move a patient from their bed to a gurney for transfer. Reducing the number of required nurses to conduct the transfer, minimize the amount of force exerted by the nurse, and ease the method of transfer. The maximum project parameters were time operation of 10 minutes including setup, operator force not exceeding 50 lbs., and capability of transporting a fully immobile patient of 6 '6 height and 300 lbs. weight.

View Poster

Serpa Sachet Packaging Device
Students: Isaiah Daniel, Issac Hernandez, Khalal Mosed
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. The Nguyen
Sponsors: Serpa Packaging Solutions
Project Summary: This project sponsored by Serpa Packaging Solutions aims to optimize the efficiency of loading sachets through a starwheel mechanism, with the primary objective of eliminating human intervention in the process. Design goals encompass attaining an efficient loading speed of 1000 sachets per minute while ensuring simple design and ease of manufacturability. The system will consist of a belt conveyor, starwheel assembly, various sachet containment and rejection methods, as well as an automatic magazine loading system. Each component will play an elaborate role within our machine with the overarching goal to potentially create a new industry-leading method for automated packaging. 

View Poster

Solar Tracking Electric Scooter Charging Station
Students: Mahmoud Qaddoura, Roger Villagomez, Krisztofor Arreola
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. The Nguyen
Sponsors: SunDogs
Project Summary: The Solar Tracking Electric Charging Station at Fresno State seamlessly integrates cutting-edge solar tracking technology with charging stations, tailored to optimize solar energy capture for electric scooter charging. Utilizing a dual-axis tracking system and incorporating bifacial solar panels, the station dynamically adjusts its orientation, ensuring maximal power output from both direct and reflective sunlight exposure. This innovative system operates for an additional three hours post-sunset, continuing to collect energy throughout the day. Featuring six charging stations equipped with three universal ports, the station accommodates various scooter types prevalent in the market. Beyond its technological advancements, the station serves as an educational tool for students and faculty, highlighting the transformative potential of renewable energy technologies. The project encompasses intricate design considerations, rigorous engineering analyses, and addresses practical challenges associated with implementing such a system on a university campus. Operational three hours post-sunset, the station utilizes stored solar energy for ongoing electric scooter charging. Capable of accommodating up to six scooters simultaneously, it stands as a testament to the seamless integration of innovative technology with sustainable practices. Moreover, the system boasts over-the-air update capabilities, enabling real-time monitoring and dissemination of battery status information, facilitating efficient maintenance and aligning the station with broader objectives of enhancing campus sustainability and fostering environmental consciousness. In summary, the Fresno State Solar Tracking Electric Charging Station represents a sophisticated blend of technology, sustainability, and education, addressing the increasing demand for EV infrastructure on university campuses.

View Poster

Supersonic Flow Over a Flat Plate using Matlab
Students: Diego Alejandro Banos Lemus
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Deify Law
Project Summary: A flat plate with zero incidence angle over supersonic fluid flow has been studied numerically using the complete Navier-Stokes equations. The problem is formulated as a time marching, two- dimensional spatial coordinate system, the governing flow equations are solved by using finite-difference MacCormack scheme which allows us to achieve a second order steady state solution. Laminar flow is used over the flat plate as a relatively low Reynolds number is set to keep running times short and air is modeled as a perfect gas with a constant Prandtl number, viscosity is being evaluated by Sutherland’s Law. Results were obtained by developing a Matlab Code and presents the pressure, temperature, and velocity profiles along the plate.  This work contributes to a deeper understanding of supersonic flow behavior over a simple geometry.

 

University Solar Charger for Mobile Transportation Devices
Students: Jose Hernandez, Jose Herrera-Jacobo, Isaiah Jimenez, Emmanuel Fernandez Robles
Advisors/Mentors: Dr. Sankha Banerjee
Project Summary: Our university project introduces a solar charger tailored for electric scooters, embodying sustainability and innovation. This solar charger provides a practical, eco-friendly solution for people needing a quick charge between classes. It captures the sun's power to charge electric scooters, using a monocrystalline solar panel and a Raspberry Pi microcontroller that regulates the power delivered to each charging port. In addition, the project will also feature a cellular application that will allow the user to connect via Bluetooth to monitor the status of their scooter or charging station. The goal of this project is to create a user-friendly interface and convenient solar charger that will offer students a hassle-free and sustainable charging solution on campus.

View Poster

EmpowerGrid Solutions
Students: Natalie Sanchez, Angel Lomeli, Ken Hang, Enrique Calderon, Juan Ramos
Advisors/Mentors: Eric Cortes
Project Summary: This project was created because these rural places couldn't easily access electricity like the cities can. Our goal was to bring the power and light to these remote areas where people live and work. Electricity has a lot of benefits of remote areas, For example electricity is used for a lot of things in modern life such as source of lighting, transportation and things such as (NET Interrelating) -----) (Internet connection/communication to one another) For Business/Education along with health and basic lighting for Clinic/Hospitals for operating systems. 

View The Project Website

PlantAlert
Students: Kimmy Liu, Kathryn Mergy, Marisol Falcon, Jonathan Davila
Advisors/Mentors: Miguel Godina, Roger Moore, Dr. Aaron Stillmaker, Green Hills Nursery, Mazzei's Nursery
Project Summary: Today, having plants in or around your home is a common thing you see today, especially now. During the pandemic plant purchases grew 50%, and now homes are flourishing with nature, but not everyone knows how to properly care for them. This has led to many plant deaths. We see value in these plants and we want to ensure that people are also seeing the beauty of their plants, without worry.  We wanted to focus on the watering aspect of plants because it is the one that is highly important and dependent on humans. Thus our problem statement. We did research and we have found that the most common way that people kill plants is through overwatering and under-watering. We also found that 7/10 millennials call themselves "plant parents" and the average plant parent has killed 7 houseplants which goes to show how difficult it is learning. We then looked into previous solutions and the market where we found a huge market in automatic home watering systems. If you quickly search for "Indoor Plant Watering Systems," you will find hundreds of results of people attempting to solve the same problem.  To ensure the validity and relevancy of our problem we surveyed individuals shopping at Home Depot, Lowes, and people at plant nurseries, ranging from young adults to elders with questions pertaining to how much their plants might die on them, what their issues might be and if this solution we were planning to present was even relevant to them. We wanted to ensure that this solution is something that we would have an audience interested in. Our results overall showed that water was an issue in caring for plants and more than half overall were interested in the solution we had to offer.  We then decided to go in a different direction. Instead of developing an automatic watering system, we wanted to remind people when to water their plants based on the moisture levels of the soil. We discovered existing reminder methods in the market, but they were relatively expensive. Our approach focuses on making a product that is a cheaper alternative that not only reminds the user when to water their plant but also tells the user how much water the plant requires. 

View The Project Website

LNU Lightening Complex Fire Effects Years After
Students: Crystal Hernandez, Carlos Jimenez, Anahi Reynaga Anissah Saad
Project Summary: This project studies damages that LNU Lighting Complex Fires caused and analyze the effects of those damages on the environment and the surrounding areas. Using different types of imaging software, similar areas of land are compared to each other to see how the land had truly been affected by the wildfires and the damage the wildlife might have caused to the ecosystem.

View Poster

The Return of Tulare Lake
Students: Jacob Draper, Nathan Franco, Brisa Garcia, David Kglyan
Project Summary: Tulare Lake was one of the largest bodies of freshwater west of the Mississippi thousands of years ago. After 1878, the lake disappeared over time and was used for farmland. The storms of early 2023 caused flooding in the Tulare Lake Basin, resulting in damage to crops, buildings, and roads. In this project, Landsat images are used to view the effects of the return of Tulare Lake and highlight the crucial role such programs can play in monitoring and mitigating the effects of floods.

View Poster

Using Landsat Explorer to Convey Urban Sprawl in the Fresno/Clovis Area
Students: Claudia Luna, Luis Miguel Ruiz, Jacob Velasquez
Project Summary: More people are relocated to the Central Valley due to its more affordable cost of living. This increase in population has caused several problems, one of the largest of which is urban sprawl. This project tests the use of free tools like Landsat Explorer to give a better visual understanding of the effects resulting from urban sprawl.

View Poster

EV Emergency Charger
Students: Cayden Thao, Jordan Yang, Kristofer Perez
School Advisors: Ramon Cuevas
Project Summary: In 2023, Electric Vehicle owners in California face a critical issue involving the scarcity and unreliability of charging options. With an increased adoption of electric vehicles in recent years, there is an increasing disparity between the number of electric vehicles and available charging options. Current solutions further exacerbate the prevailing issue by failing to meet the rising demand and compromising the reliability of charging services. It is reported that as of December 31st, 2022, there are over 900,000 registered electric vehicles in California1, yet only 34,000 public charging stations are in operation2. It is evident that considerable effort is required to elevate the reliability of current solutions to meet the ever-growing demands of consumers.

View Poster

Students: Bryant Juarez, Esaul Barba, Jacob Mansy
School Advisors: Ramon Cuevas
Professional Mentor: Mr. Warnes
Project Summary: The purpose of our company is dedicating ourselves to discovering and constructing an affordable product which solves the problem for wheelchair users confronted by stairs.

View Poster

Grocery Store Assist
Students: Madison Un, Salome Solis, Melissa Perez
School Advisors: Ramon Cuevas
Professional Mentor: Laura Vandiver
Project Summary: Customers at grocery stores encounter the problem of being unable to reach for items that are placed on a shelf that is higher than 5 feet. People who are of short stature or handicapped, find it increasingly difficult to reach for grocery items. Assistance in stores will also go unused if people are affected by non-verbalness, speech impediments, or social anxiety. Customers will attempt to reach for an item themselves if no assistance is asked for or not around. Creating a serious issue and danger of collapsing merchandise or tipping of a shelf. As well as when an item is heavy or not easily graspable, posing an issue of spillage. Stores will lose revenue and reputation when an individual is harmed during the process of shopping or even leaving without their desired item.

View Poster

Heat Exhaustion Alert System
Students: Diego Trujillo, Michael Potter, Jack Nelson
Project Summary: Currently, laborers within the Central Valley experience heat related health issues. According to the National Farm Worker Ministry, “From 1992-2017, excessive heat exposure killed 815 U.S. workers and seriously injured over 70,000.” If exposed to intense heat without proper breaks and hydration, they could experience severe bodily harm or death.

View Poster

Ladder Safety Device
Students: Wajih Khan, Diego Gutierrez, Nathaniel Archan
School Advisors: Ramon Cuevas
Project Summary: Annually in the United States, ladder-related incidents account for over 500,000 hospital admissions and 300 fatalities. Predominantly, these injuries affect homeowners, construction workers, and individuals engaged in installation, repair, and maintenance activities. The primary causes of these accidents include uneven surfaces, misuse, and insufficient stability. The statistics clearly indicate that falls from ladders represent a significant issue. The mission of our company is to specialize within the research and improvement of an accessible, cost effective product aimed toward reducing injuries resulting from or related to ladder instability.

View Poster

Students: Albert Ruiz, Joseph Quintana, and Jaideep Virk
School Advisors: Ramon Cuevas
Professional Mentor: Marcus Powell
Project Summary: Homelessness in California is a rapidly growing issue as Californians make up 12% of the US population, yet 28%
of the homeless population in the United States. Our project aims to provide shelter for the homeless population. In order to make this possible our group is working to create a cheap portable shelter that can be assemble with ease, and provides a sense of security and comfort.

Optical Hearing Glasses
Students: Even Jorgens, Vanessa Griffith, and Jotpal Kahlon
School Advisors: Ramon Cuevas, Jeraldo Martinez
Project Summary: Since the early twenty-first century, studies have shown that across all age groups, approximately 600,000 people in the United States (0.22% of the population, or 2.2 per 1,000) are "deaf." Noise, aging, disease, and genetic variations are all factors contributing to this loss of hearing. Domestically, hearing-impaired issues have afflicted all cities in the United States. In all, it is believed that one in eight people in the United States (13 percent, or 30 million) aged 12 years or older have hearing loss in both ears, based on standard hearing examinations”. Our goal was to design a prototype that would help those who are deaf or hearing impaired to fit into society through an optic-head display in the form of glasses.

View Poster

Outdoor Composter
Students: Khaylee Nacua, Graham Luckin, Jaxon Hoover
School Advisors: Ramon Cuevas
Project Summary: California passed a composting bill, adopted in 2016. It was recently implemented in January of 2022. “This bill sets a goal of diverting 75% of organic waste, equivalent to 20 million tons per year, from statewide landfills by 2025." (Anaergia's California Team). Organic waste is defined as solid waste containing material originating from living organisms and their metabolic waste products, including, but not limited to, food, green material, landscape, manure, and biosolids. Organic waste is poured into landfills. Highly contributing to global warming and harm to the environment. Contributes to billions of dollars in lost revenue. It also increases the cost of the separation of organic waste from normal trash. Many of the issues mentioned could be mitigated through increased composting rates, enhanced accessibility, and efficiency in composting practices.

View Poster

Road Hazard Detection
Students: Orion Torres, Eric Segura, Jared Moreno
School Advisors: Ramon Cuevas
Professional Mentor: Isidro Perez
Project Summary: California (U.S.A) has the highest amount of reported road damages of any state at 44% as of February 2023. Since the early 1900s, motorists have complained yet continue to endure poor road conditions like potholes, cracks, uprooting, etc, that cause damage to their vehicles. Given the average cost to repair the damages is $621, the total cost per year is in the 8 figures. These damages range from minor scratches to a vehicle’s body, to being the cause of fatal wrecks.

View Poster

School Door Saftey Device
Students: Ethan Beach Nathon Contreras
School Advisors: Ramon Cuevas
Project Summary: Schools across the United states can be faced with an armed threat at any moment. When a problem like this occurs many students and teachers are often left exposed to the threat with little to no protection. This is because the schools lack adequate security and safety devices to protect their personnel; previous attempts by others have failed to be easily accessible by schools, or even make it past the prototype stage.

View Poster